Incidence & Epidemiology

Understanding the epidemiological patterns of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome helps healthcare providers, researchers, and patients better understand who is at risk and when the condition is most likely to occur.

Key Statistics
5-10
cases per 100,000 people annually
Overall Incidence
7%
of all facial paralysis cases
Facial Paralysis
50+
years peak age group
Age Distribution
1:1
male to female ratio
Gender
Age Demographics

Age Distribution

0-20 years
Rare
21-40 years
Uncommon
41-60 years
Common
60+ years
Most Common

Age-Related Factors

Peak Incidence

Highest rates occur in adults aged 50-70 years, coinciding with natural decline in varicella-zoster immunity.

Pediatric Cases

Rare in children, but can occur in immunocompromised pediatric patients or those with congenital varicella exposure.

Elderly Population

Adults over 70 have the highest risk due to age-related immunosenescence and increased comorbidities.

Geographic Distribution

North America

  • • USA: 5-8 cases per 100,000
  • • Canada: Similar rates to USA
  • • Higher reporting in urban areas

Europe

  • • UK: 4-6 cases per 100,000
  • • Germany: 6-9 cases per 100,000
  • • Scandinavia: Lower rates

Asia-Pacific

  • • Japan: 8-12 cases per 100,000
  • • Australia: 5-7 cases per 100,000
  • • Variable reporting in developing regions

Note: Geographic variations may reflect differences in healthcare access, diagnostic practices, and reporting systems rather than true epidemiological differences.

Seasonal and Temporal Patterns

Seasonal Variation

Spring (March-May)

Slight increase in cases, possibly due to seasonal stress

Summer (June-August)

Baseline incidence rates

Fall (September-November)

Peak incidence period in some regions

Winter (December-February)

Elevated rates, possibly due to immune suppression

Contributing Factors

  • Stress patterns: Holiday stress, work cycles, and life changes may trigger reactivation
  • Immune function: Seasonal variations in vitamin D and immune system activity
  • Healthcare access: Seasonal patterns in medical consultations and diagnosis
High-Risk Populations

Medical Risk Factors

Immunocompromised patients
High Risk
Diabetes mellitus
Moderate Risk
Chronic kidney disease
Moderate Risk
Autoimmune disorders
Elevated Risk

Demographic Risk Factors

Age 60+ years
High Risk
Previous shingles history
Moderate Risk
Chronic stress
Elevated Risk
No gender preference
Equal Risk